{"id":4251,"date":"2023-01-12T20:59:40","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T20:59:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/?p=4251"},"modified":"2024-06-13T22:10:25","modified_gmt":"2024-06-13T22:10:25","slug":"les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/","title":{"rendered":"Les Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es (15) : Le mal de l\u2019espace"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ceci est la quinzi\u00e8me de mes \u00ab Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es \u00bb. Si<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/07\/Chroniques-couv.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-3970\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/07\/Chroniques-couv.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"97\" height=\"138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/07\/Chroniques-couv.jpg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/07\/Chroniques-couv-316x450.jpg 316w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/07\/Chroniques-couv-719x1024.jpg 719w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/07\/Chroniques-couv-768x1093.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 97px) 100vw, 97px\" \/><\/a> vous souhaitez acqu\u00e9rir mon livre dans sa version papier non illustr\u00e9e (\u00e9dition d\u2019origine 2019 ou en poche 2020), ne vous privez pas !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Le mal de l&#8217;espace<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">En ao\u00fbt\u00a01961, les Sovi\u00e9tiques mettent en orbite <em>Vostok\u00a02<\/em> avec \u00e0 bord le cosmonaute Guerman Titov, qui va pour la premi\u00e8re fois passer une journ\u00e9e enti\u00e8re dans l\u2019espace. Comme la cabine est grande, Titov se d\u00e9tache de son si\u00e8ge et flotte dans l\u2019habitacle en l\u2019absence de pesanteur. Ses mouvements deviennent soudain ind\u00e9codables par son oreille interne, o\u00f9 se trouve le centre de l\u2019\u00e9quilibre, son cerveau ne sait plus interpr\u00e9ter sa position sans horizon visuel, les naus\u00e9es l\u2019envahissent. C\u2019est le mal de l\u2019espace, analogue au banal mal au c\u0153ur que nous ressentons en voiture sur une route montagneuse ou en bateau par mer agit\u00e9e, mais bien plus violent.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4690\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4690\" style=\"width: 474px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Titov-Vostok2.png\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4690\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Titov-Vostok2-1024x430.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"474\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Titov-Vostok2-1024x430.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Titov-Vostok2-450x189.png 450w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Titov-Vostok2-768x322.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Titov-Vostok2.png 1206w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4690\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Titov para\u00eet sur l&#8217;\u00e9cran de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision du centre de contr\u00f4le au sol de la mission Vostok 2 juste apr\u00e8s avoir atteint l&#8217;orbite nominale. Malgr\u00e9 le mal de l&#8217;espace il parviendra \u00e0 manipuler un appareil photo pour prendre des clich\u00e9s de la surface terrestre. cam\u00e9ra .<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Iouri Gagarine, avec son court vol spatial, et les premiers Am\u00e9ricains dans leurs tr\u00e8s \u00e9troites cabines <em>Mercury<\/em>, n\u2019avaient pas eu assez de temps ni d\u2019espace pour \u00e9prouver ces malaises. Ces derniers vont d\u00e9sormais affecter plus ou moins fortement tous les astronautes, m\u00eame si en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral le cerveau s\u2019adapte au bout de quelques jours.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4692\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4692\" style=\"width: 908px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Sche\u0301ma_vaisseau_Mercury-fr.png\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4692\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Sche\u0301ma_vaisseau_Mercury-fr.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"908\" height=\"664\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Sche\u0301ma_vaisseau_Mercury-fr.png 908w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Sche\u0301ma_vaisseau_Mercury-fr-450x329.png 450w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Sche\u0301ma_vaisseau_Mercury-fr-768x562.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 908px) 100vw, 908px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4692\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vue en coupe d&#8217;une cabine Mercury : le courageux astronaute est confin\u00e9 dans une bo\u00eete de conserve.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Les probl\u00e8mes vraiment s\u00e9rieux apparaissent avec les premi\u00e8res missions de longue dur\u00e9e sur les stations orbitales, quand le mal de l\u2019espace devient psychologique. L\u2019organisation de la vie dans un milieu tr\u00e8s confin\u00e9 et inconfortable engendre en effet des conflits avec les contr\u00f4leurs au sol, le rejet de planifications excessives, une irritabilit\u00e9 entre les membres d\u2019\u00e9quipage, qui ne peuvent s\u2019isoler, allant jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la d\u00e9pression nerveuse.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Comment-lespace-affecte-t-il-la-sante\u0301-mentale-des-astronautes-infographie.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4684\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Comment-lespace-affecte-t-il-la-sante\u0301-mentale-des-astronautes-infographie.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1201\" height=\"900\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Comment-lespace-affecte-t-il-la-sante\u0301-mentale-des-astronautes-infographie.jpg 1201w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Comment-lespace-affecte-t-il-la-sante\u0301-mentale-des-astronautes-infographie-450x337.jpg 450w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Comment-lespace-affecte-t-il-la-sante\u0301-mentale-des-astronautes-infographie-1024x767.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Comment-lespace-affecte-t-il-la-sante\u0301-mentale-des-astronautes-infographie-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1201px) 100vw, 1201px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">C\u2019est avec les stations russes que des progr\u00e8s significatifs sont faits dans ce domaine. Le ravitaillement en orbite par des cargos automatiques, apportant une nourriture un peu plus soign\u00e9e et pr\u00e9sentable, de l\u2019eau, du carburant, du courrier, des pi\u00e8ces d\u00e9tach\u00e9es et permettant l\u2019\u00e9vacuation des d\u00e9chets, rend possible d\u2019augmenter la dur\u00e9e de vie en orbite de fa\u00e7on spectaculaire. La visite r\u00e9guli\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9quipages, en plus de celui qui est de permanence, contribue \u00e0 garder un \u00e9tat psychologique plus \u00e9quilibr\u00e9. L\u2019espace \u00ab\u00a0lin\u00e9aire\u00a0\u00bb est d\u00e9multipli\u00e9, les cosmonautes peuvent s\u2019\u00e9loigner les uns des autres pour s\u2019assurer un peu plus d\u2019intimit\u00e9. Progressivement, la dur\u00e9e des vols double et monte \u00e0 six mois.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Un nouveau probl\u00e8me se pr\u00e9sente alors\u00a0: certains voyageurs de l\u2019espace se retrouvent prostr\u00e9s sous pr\u00e9texte qu\u2019il leur semble que la Terre les oublie. En outre, les ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes de d\u00e9calcification osseuse et les atrophies musculaires engendrent des inadaptations \u00e0 leur retour sur Terre. Pour y rem\u00e9dier, les stations orbitales sont d\u00e8s lors \u00e9quip\u00e9es de salles de sport, o\u00f9 les cosmonautes suivent un entra\u00eenement physique constant.<!--more--><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4686\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4686\" style=\"width: 1688px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Activite-physique.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4686\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Activite-physique.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1688\" height=\"948\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Activite-physique.jpg 1688w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Activite-physique-450x253.jpg 450w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Activite-physique-1024x575.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Activite-physique-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Activite-physique-1536x863.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1688px) 100vw, 1688px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4686\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Les astronautes doivent faire pr\u00e8s de deux heures d&#8217;exercice par jour pour garder la forme pendant une mission dans l\u2019espace.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Le Dr Valeri Polyakov est le spationaute qui d\u00e9tient le record du plus long vol spatial de l\u2019histoire de l\u2019humanit\u00e9, en \u00e9tant rest\u00e9 plus de quatorze mois d\u2019affil\u00e9e \u00e0 bord de la station orbitale <em>Mir<\/em> entre 1994 et 1995. Pour ce faire, il a suivi un entra\u00eenement extr\u00eamement rigoureux dans un environnement psychologique tr\u00e8s soign\u00e9.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4685\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4685\" style=\"width: 2000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Polyakov-Valery_Krikalyov-Serguei_01.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4685\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Polyakov-Valery_Krikalyov-Serguei_01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Polyakov-Valery_Krikalyov-Serguei_01.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Polyakov-Valery_Krikalyov-Serguei_01-450x299.jpg 450w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Polyakov-Valery_Krikalyov-Serguei_01-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Polyakov-Valery_Krikalyov-Serguei_01-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Polyakov-Valery_Krikalyov-Serguei_01-1536x1021.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4685\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valery Polyakov (la t\u00eate en &#8220;bas&#8221;) et Sergue\u00ef Krikalyov dans la station MIR.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4687\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4687\" style=\"width: 150px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/ElenaKondakova.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4687 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/ElenaKondakova-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4687\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elena Kondakova fut la premi\u00e8re femme \u00e0 effectuer un vol de longue dur\u00e9e.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">La pr\u00e9sence de la cosmonaute Helena Kondakova pour les six derniers mois de son vol \u00ab\u00a0marathon\u00a0\u00bb a sans doute jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le non n\u00e9gligeable dans la r\u00e9ussite de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience. Polyakov a d\u2019ailleurs paru bien plus en forme au retour sur Terre que sa cons\u0153ur\u00a0!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 am\u00e9ricain, c\u2019est l\u2019astronaute Scott Kelly qui d\u00e9tient le record de dur\u00e9e, avec un s\u00e9jour de trois cent quarante jours \u00e0 bord de la plus confortable <em>Station spatiale internationale<\/em>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4688\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4688\" style=\"width: 474px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Mark_and_Scott_Kelly_at_the_Johnson_Space_Center_Houston_Texas_-_profile.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4688\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Mark_and_Scott_Kelly_at_the_Johnson_Space_Center_Houston_Texas_-_profile-1024x819.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"474\" height=\"379\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Mark_and_Scott_Kelly_at_the_Johnson_Space_Center_Houston_Texas_-_profile-1024x819.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Mark_and_Scott_Kelly_at_the_Johnson_Space_Center_Houston_Texas_-_profile-450x360.jpg 450w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Mark_and_Scott_Kelly_at_the_Johnson_Space_Center_Houston_Texas_-_profile-768x614.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Mark_and_Scott_Kelly_at_the_Johnson_Space_Center_Houston_Texas_-_profile-1536x1229.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Mark_and_Scott_Kelly_at_the_Johnson_Space_Center_Houston_Texas_-_profile.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4688\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scott Kelly et son fr\u00e8re jumeau Mark en 2015. Le fait que Scott ait un vrai fr\u00e8re jumeau, ayant donc le m\u00eame patrimoine g\u00e9n\u00e9tique que lui, a \u00e9t\u00e9 l&#8217;occasion d&#8217;\u00e9tudier les diff\u00e9rences d&#8217;expression des g\u00e8nes entre les deux fr\u00e8res jumeaux. L&#8217;\u00e9tude a repos\u00e9 sur une comparaison avant, pendant, et apr\u00e8s la fin de la One-Year Mission.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Est-ce suffisant pour se pr\u00e9parer physiologiquement et psychologiquement \u00e0 un voyage vers Mars\u00a0? On peut en douter. Le voyage Terre-Mars dure neuf mois pour l\u2019aller et autant pour le retour, en empruntant les routes directes. En ajoutant un s\u00e9jour de trois \u00e0 six mois sur le sol de la plan\u00e8te rouge, cela donne une mission de pr\u00e8s de deux ans. Or, naviguer seul loin de la Terre n\u2019est pas du tout la m\u00eame chose que survoler notre plan\u00e8te tour apr\u00e8s tour dans une station orbitale \u00e0 basse altitude, avec des communications quasi instantan\u00e9es avec le centre de contr\u00f4le, des missions de ravitaillement et des \u00e9quipages qui viennent r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement visiter la station en apportant nouvelles et g\u00e2teries. L\u2019\u00e9quipage permanent sait en outre qu\u2019en cas d\u2019accident la station peut \u00eatre rapidement \u00e9vacu\u00e9e, et le retour sur Terre se fait en moins de trente minutes.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4681\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4681\" style=\"width: 704px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Voyage-sur-Mars.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4681\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Voyage-sur-Mars.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"704\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Voyage-sur-Mars.jpg 704w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Voyage-sur-Mars-450x274.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4681\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Les sept \u00e9tapes d&#8217;un voyage aller-retour sur Mars<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Rien de tel sur un vaisseau en partance vers Mars. Pour l\u2019instant, les robots semblent \u00eatre la seule option viable. Ils ne dorment pas, ils n\u2019ont pas froid, ils n\u2019ont pas faim, ils ne sont pas distraits, ils n\u2019ont pas le cafard et ils se fichent de l\u2019apesanteur.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4682\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4682\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Sche\u0301ma_comparaison_doses_de_rayonnement_mission_habite\u0301e_martienne_donne\u0301es_MSL.png\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4682\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Sche\u0301ma_comparaison_doses_de_rayonnement_mission_habite\u0301e_martienne_donne\u0301es_MSL.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"545\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Sche\u0301ma_comparaison_doses_de_rayonnement_mission_habite\u0301e_martienne_donne\u0301es_MSL.png 1000w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Sche\u0301ma_comparaison_doses_de_rayonnement_mission_habite\u0301e_martienne_donne\u0301es_MSL-450x245.png 450w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/Sche\u0301ma_comparaison_doses_de_rayonnement_mission_habite\u0301e_martienne_donne\u0301es_MSL-768x419.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4682\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comparaison des doses de rayons cosmiques re\u00e7ues durant une mission habit\u00e9e vers Mars et des doses re\u00e7ues sur Terre et en orbite basse, rendant les voyages non robotis\u00e9s tr\u00e8s probl\u00e9matiques.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Cela n\u2019a pas emp\u00each\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de 200\u00a0000\u00a0candidats de plus de 140\u00a0pays de postuler pour devenir les premiers colons martiens \u00e0 l\u2019horizon 2030, lors de l\u2019exp\u00e9dition Mars One, laquelle s\u2019est av\u00e9r\u00e9e \u00eatre une op\u00e9ration publicitaire dont le degr\u00e9 de cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 scientifique et technique est strictement nul.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4680\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4680\" style=\"width: 678px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/marsone-bas-lansdorp-678x381-1.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[4251]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4680\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/marsone-bas-lansdorp-678x381-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"678\" height=\"381\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/marsone-bas-lansdorp-678x381-1.jpg 678w, https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/marsone-bas-lansdorp-678x381-1-450x253.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 678px) 100vw, 678px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4680\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Promotion du projet Mars One \u00e0 la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision par un de ses concepteurs, l&#8217;ing\u00e9nieur n\u00e9erlandais Bas Lansdorf. La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 suisse qui avait rachet\u00e9 le projet, Mars One Venture AG, a \u00e9t\u00e9 mise en redressement puis en liquidation en 2019, avec un passif de 1,1 million de francs suisses.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on the_content -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ceci est la quinzi\u00e8me de mes \u00ab Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es \u00bb. Si vous souhaitez acqu\u00e9rir mon livre dans sa version papier non illustr\u00e9e (\u00e9dition d\u2019origine 2019 ou en poche 2020), ne vous privez pas ! &nbsp; &nbsp; Le mal de l&#8217;espace En ao\u00fbt\u00a01961, les Sovi\u00e9tiques mettent en orbite Vostok\u00a02 avec \u00e0 bord le cosmonaute &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture de <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Les Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es (15) : Le mal de l\u2019espace<\/span>  <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4694,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[27,4],"tags":[407,714,256,712,641,713,605,715],"class_list":["post-4251","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mes-publications","category-sciences","tag-astronautique","tag-kelly","tag-mars","tag-mercury","tag-mir","tag-polyakov","tag-titov","tag-voyage-spatial"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Les Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es (15) : Le mal de l\u2019espace, par Jean-Pierre Luminet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es (15) : Le mal de l\u2019espace, par Jean-Pierre Luminet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ceci est la quinzi\u00e8me de mes \u00ab Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es \u00bb. Si vous souhaitez acqu\u00e9rir mon livre dans sa version papier non illustr\u00e9e (\u00e9dition d\u2019origine 2019 ou en poche 2020), ne vous privez pas ! &nbsp; &nbsp; Le mal de l&#8217;espace En ao\u00fbt\u00a01961, les Sovi\u00e9tiques mettent en orbite Vostok\u00a02 avec \u00e0 bord le cosmonaute &hellip; Continuer la lecture de Les Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es (15) : Le mal de l\u2019espace &rarr;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"LUMINESCIENCES : le blog de Jean-Pierre LUMINET, astrophysicien\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-01-12T20:59:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-06-13T22:10:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/maldelespace.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"730\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"513\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jean-Pierre LUMINET\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jean-Pierre LUMINET\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/\",\"name\":\"Les Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es (15) : Le mal de l\u2019espace, par Jean-Pierre Luminet\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/maldelespace.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-01-12T20:59:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-06-13T22:10:25+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/#\/schema\/person\/d61f577b54398f0ecee81e140e7643cb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/maldelespace.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/maldelespace.png\",\"width\":730,\"height\":513},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/\",\"name\":\"LUMINESCIENCES : le blog de Jean-Pierre LUMINET, astrophysicien\",\"description\":\"J\u2019eus le vertige et je pleurai car mes yeux avaient vu cet objet secret et conjectural dont les hommes usurpent le nom, mais qu\u2019aucun homme n\u2019a regard\u00e9 : l\u2019inconcevable univers.  Jorge Luis Borges, L\u2019Aleph (1949)\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/#\/schema\/person\/d61f577b54398f0ecee81e140e7643cb\",\"name\":\"Jean-Pierre LUMINET\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a6d27645b8081b2f766677414e6a83e1?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a6d27645b8081b2f766677414e6a83e1?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Jean-Pierre LUMINET\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/author\/jpluminet\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Les Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es (15) : Le mal de l\u2019espace, par Jean-Pierre Luminet","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Les Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es (15) : Le mal de l\u2019espace, par Jean-Pierre Luminet","og_description":"Ceci est la quinzi\u00e8me de mes \u00ab Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es \u00bb. Si vous souhaitez acqu\u00e9rir mon livre dans sa version papier non illustr\u00e9e (\u00e9dition d\u2019origine 2019 ou en poche 2020), ne vous privez pas ! &nbsp; &nbsp; Le mal de l&#8217;espace En ao\u00fbt\u00a01961, les Sovi\u00e9tiques mettent en orbite Vostok\u00a02 avec \u00e0 bord le cosmonaute &hellip; Continuer la lecture de Les Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es (15) : Le mal de l\u2019espace &rarr;","og_url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/","og_site_name":"LUMINESCIENCES : le blog de Jean-Pierre LUMINET, astrophysicien","article_published_time":"2023-01-12T20:59:40+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-06-13T22:10:25+00:00","og_image":[{"width":730,"height":513,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/maldelespace.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Jean-Pierre LUMINET","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Jean-Pierre LUMINET","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/","url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/","name":"Les Chroniques de l\u2019espace illustr\u00e9es (15) : Le mal de l\u2019espace, par Jean-Pierre Luminet","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/maldelespace.png","datePublished":"2023-01-12T20:59:40+00:00","dateModified":"2024-06-13T22:10:25+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/#\/schema\/person\/d61f577b54398f0ecee81e140e7643cb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/2023\/01\/12\/les-chroniques-de-lespace-illustrees-15-le-mal-de-lespace\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/maldelespace.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/01\/maldelespace.png","width":730,"height":513},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/","name":"LUMINESCIENCES : le blog de Jean-Pierre LUMINET, astrophysicien","description":"J\u2019eus le vertige et je pleurai car mes yeux avaient vu cet objet secret et conjectural dont les hommes usurpent le nom, mais qu\u2019aucun homme n\u2019a regard\u00e9 : l\u2019inconcevable univers.  Jorge Luis Borges, L\u2019Aleph (1949)","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/#\/schema\/person\/d61f577b54398f0ecee81e140e7643cb","name":"Jean-Pierre LUMINET","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a6d27645b8081b2f766677414e6a83e1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a6d27645b8081b2f766677414e6a83e1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Jean-Pierre LUMINET"},"url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/author\/jpluminet\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4251","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4251"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4251\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4696,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4251\/revisions\/4696"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4694"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4251"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4251"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/luminet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4251"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}