{"id":822,"date":"2019-06-28T12:07:30","date_gmt":"2019-06-28T10:07:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/?p=822"},"modified":"2019-06-28T14:35:07","modified_gmt":"2019-06-28T12:35:07","slug":"les-nombres-premiers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/","title":{"rendered":"Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A priori, les nombres premiers sont les nombres entiers naturels (1, 2, 3, 4 , 5, 6, etc.) qui ne sont divisibles que par 1 et eux-m\u00eames ce qui am\u00e8ne \u00e0 \u00e9liminer dans la liste pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente les nombres compos\u00e9s c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire produits de deux nombres comme 4 (2 x 2), 6 (2 x 3), etc.<\/p>\n<h2>1 est-il premier ?<\/h2>\n<p>Avec cette d\u00e9finition, 1 serait premier. On l&#8217;\u00e9limine pourtant en ajoutant qu&#8217;un nombre premier doit avoir deux diviseurs\u00a0 distincts: 1 et lui-m\u00eame. La raison est plus profonde qu&#8217;il ne peut para\u00eetre. Voyons pourquoi.<\/p>\n<h2>Le th\u00e9or\u00e8me fondamental de l&#8217;arithm\u00e9tique<\/h2>\n<p>Si on exclut 1 de l&#8217;ensemble des nombres premiers, on peut d\u00e9montrer un th\u00e9or\u00e8me fondamental en arithm\u00e9tique :<\/p>\n<p>tout nombre entier naturel sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 2 est le produit d&#8217;un nombre fini de nombres premiers et ce de fa\u00e7on unique, \u00e0 l&#8217;ordre pr\u00e8s des facteurs.<\/p>\n<p>Ainsi, 530 = 2 x 5 x 53<\/p>\n<p>Pour d\u00e9montrer ce th\u00e9or\u00e8me, l&#8217;essentiel est de montrer que tout nombre est soit premier, soit divisible par un nombre premier\u2026 ce qui est une \u00e9vidence. En appliquant cette remarque de fa\u00e7on it\u00e9rative, nous aboutissons \u00e0 notre th\u00e9or\u00e8me.<\/p>\n<p>Si on n&#8217;exclut pas 1, toute d\u00e9composition est multiple puisqu&#8217;on peut ajouter autant de facteurs 1 que l&#8217;on veut sans changer le r\u00e9sultat. Voila pourquoi on \u00e9limine 1 de la liste des nombres premiers.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on the_content -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A priori, les nombres premiers sont les nombres entiers naturels (1, 2, 3, 4 , 5, 6, etc.) qui ne sont divisibles que par 1 et eux-m\u00eames ce qui am\u00e8ne \u00e0 \u00e9liminer dans la liste pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente les nombres compos\u00e9s c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire produits de deux nombres comme 4 (2 x 2), 6 (2 x 3), etc. 1 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture de <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition)<\/span>  <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":829,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[8,29],"tags":[320,321,322,206],"class_list":["post-822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enigmes","category-maths-2","tag-ensemble-vide","tag-mystere","tag-raison-dune-definition","tag-zero"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition), par Herv\u00e9 Lehning<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition), par Herv\u00e9 Lehning\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A priori, les nombres premiers sont les nombres entiers naturels (1, 2, 3, 4 , 5, 6, etc.) qui ne sont divisibles que par 1 et eux-m\u00eames ce qui am\u00e8ne \u00e0 \u00e9liminer dans la liste pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente les nombres compos\u00e9s c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire produits de deux nombres comme 4 (2 x 2), 6 (2 x 3), etc. 1 &hellip; Continuer la lecture de Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition) &rarr;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MATH&#039;MONDE, le blog d&#039;Herv\u00e9 LEHNING, agr\u00e9g\u00e9 de math\u00e9matiques\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-06-28T10:07:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-06-28T12:35:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2019\/06\/nombres.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"608\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"380\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/\",\"name\":\"Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition), par Herv\u00e9 Lehning\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2019\/06\/nombres.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-28T10:07:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-06-28T12:35:07+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2019\/06\/nombres.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2019\/06\/nombres.jpg\",\"width\":608,\"height\":380},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/\",\"name\":\"MATH&#039;MONDE, le blog d&#039;Herv\u00e9 LEHNING, agr\u00e9g\u00e9 de math\u00e9matiques\",\"description\":\"Comment comprendre le monde moderne sans culture math\u00e9matique ? Acc\u00e9der \u00e0 celle-ci n\u2019exige cependant pas d\u2019apprendre \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre la moindre \u00e9quation.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/author\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition), par Herv\u00e9 Lehning","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition), par Herv\u00e9 Lehning","og_description":"A priori, les nombres premiers sont les nombres entiers naturels (1, 2, 3, 4 , 5, 6, etc.) qui ne sont divisibles que par 1 et eux-m\u00eames ce qui am\u00e8ne \u00e0 \u00e9liminer dans la liste pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente les nombres compos\u00e9s c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire produits de deux nombres comme 4 (2 x 2), 6 (2 x 3), etc. 1 &hellip; Continuer la lecture de Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition) &rarr;","og_url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/","og_site_name":"MATH&#039;MONDE, le blog d&#039;Herv\u00e9 LEHNING, agr\u00e9g\u00e9 de math\u00e9matiques","article_published_time":"2019-06-28T10:07:30+00:00","article_modified_time":"2019-06-28T12:35:07+00:00","og_image":[{"width":608,"height":380,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2019\/06\/nombres.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/","url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/","name":"Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition), par Herv\u00e9 Lehning","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2019\/06\/nombres.jpg","datePublished":"2019-06-28T10:07:30+00:00","dateModified":"2019-06-28T12:35:07+00:00","author":{"@id":""},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2019\/06\/nombres.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2019\/06\/nombres.jpg","width":608,"height":380},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2019\/06\/28\/les-nombres-premiers\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Les nombres premiers (d\u00e9finition)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/","name":"MATH&#039;MONDE, le blog d&#039;Herv\u00e9 LEHNING, agr\u00e9g\u00e9 de math\u00e9matiques","description":"Comment comprendre le monde moderne sans culture math\u00e9matique ? Acc\u00e9der \u00e0 celle-ci n\u2019exige cependant pas d\u2019apprendre \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre la moindre \u00e9quation.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"","url":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/author\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=822"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":828,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822\/revisions\/828"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/829"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=822"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=822"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}