{"id":470,"date":"2018-09-07T08:55:12","date_gmt":"2018-09-07T06:55:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/?p=470"},"modified":"2018-10-27T16:02:18","modified_gmt":"2018-10-27T14:02:18","slug":"lintelligence-artificielle-et-les-fourmis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2018\/09\/07\/lintelligence-artificielle-et-les-fourmis\/","title":{"rendered":"L&#8217;intelligence artificielle et les fourmis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Pour chercher leur nourriture et la rapporter dans leur fourmili\u00e8re, les fourmis suivent le chemin le plus court. Quand on les voit se d\u00e9placer l\u2019une derri\u00e8re l\u2019autre en longues files indiennes, elles semblent ob\u00e9ir aux ordres donn\u00e9s par leur reine cach\u00e9e au fond du nid. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2>L&#8217;intelligence des fourmis<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">En fait, elles proc\u00e8dent par essais et erreurs au niveau collectif de la fourmili\u00e8re. La m\u00e9thode pour cela est tr\u00e8s simple. Une fourmi d\u00e9couvrant de la nourriture retourne \u00e0 la fourmili\u00e8re en d\u00e9posant sur le sol une substance volatile appel\u00e9e ph\u00e9romone. Cette fourmi est rarement seule \u00e0 faire cette d\u00e9couverte. Celle qui a trouv\u00e9 le chemin le plus court rentrera plus vite et sera donc plus vite imit\u00e9e. Le nombre de traces dans sa direction sera bient\u00f4t pr\u00e9pond\u00e9rant et des colonnes de fourmis emprunteront sa trace tandis que les autres seront d\u00e9laiss\u00e9es. C\u2019est de cette fa\u00e7on que les fourmis d\u00e9terminent le plus court chemin entre leur fourmili\u00e8re et la nourriture. Elles se trompent rarement.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_473\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-473\" style=\"width: 239px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-473 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/08\/fourmis-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"239\" height=\"110\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-473\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fourmis virtuelles en qu\u00eate d\u2019un plus court chemin.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Quand l&#8217;intelligence artificielle s&#8217;inspire de celle de la fourmilli\u00e8re<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Des informaticiens ont tent\u00e9, et r\u00e9ussi, de simuler le comportement des fourmis. Ils essayent aujourd\u2019hui de r\u00e9soudre des probl\u00e8mes de plus courte distance au moyen de fourmis virtuelles. Ainsi, apr\u00e8s avoir essay\u00e9 d\u2019imiter le comportement humain, l\u2019intelligence artificielle suit aujourd\u2019hui la voie des fourmis. On parle d\u2019intelligence distribu\u00e9e ou d\u2019intelligence en essaim.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on the_content -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pour chercher leur nourriture et la rapporter dans leur fourmili\u00e8re, les fourmis suivent le chemin le plus court. Quand on les voit se d\u00e9placer l\u2019une derri\u00e8re l\u2019autre en longues files indiennes, elles semblent ob\u00e9ir aux ordres donn\u00e9s par leur reine cach\u00e9e au fond du nid. L&#8217;intelligence des fourmis En fait, elles proc\u00e8dent par essais et &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2018\/09\/07\/lintelligence-artificielle-et-les-fourmis\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture de <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">L&#8217;intelligence artificielle et les fourmis<\/span>  <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":472,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[67,170,4],"tags":[183,182,181,168],"class_list":["post-470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecologie","category-intelligence-artificielle","category-regard-sur-le-monde","tag-animaux","tag-fourmilliere","tag-fourmis","tag-intelligence-artificielle"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;intelligence artificielle et les fourmis, par Herv\u00e9 Lehning<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/lehning\/2018\/09\/07\/lintelligence-artificielle-et-les-fourmis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L&#039;intelligence artificielle et les fourmis, par Herv\u00e9 Lehning\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pour chercher leur nourriture et la rapporter dans leur fourmili\u00e8re, les fourmis suivent le chemin le plus court. 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