{"id":1135,"date":"2024-12-26T17:15:11","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T17:15:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/?p=1135"},"modified":"2024-12-26T17:17:34","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T17:17:34","slug":"lavenir-des-sondes-martiennes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2024\/12\/26\/lavenir-des-sondes-martiennes\/","title":{"rendered":"L’avenir des sondes martiennes"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

La Nasa a renouvel\u00e9 son int\u00e9r\u00eat pour une exploration assidue de la plan\u00e8te Mars au moyen de sondes automatiques. Avec deux robots automobiles encore en activit\u00e9 \u2013 Curiosity qui s\u2019est pos\u00e9 dans le crat\u00e8re Gale en 2012 et Perseverance qui s\u2019est pos\u00e9 dans le crat\u00e8re Jezero en 2021 \u2013 l\u2019agence am\u00e9ricaine n\u2019avait pas de projets fermes sur le long terme. Il y avait bien le projet Mars Sample Return (MSR), un \u00ab serpent de mer \u00bb longtemps promis, qui ferait atterrir une plateforme pr\u00e8s de Perseverance et un petit mobile pour aller en chercher les tubes \u00e0 \u00e9chantillons, et les stocker \u00e0 bord d\u2019une petite fus\u00e9e qui les auraient catapult\u00e9s en orbite martienne. L\u00e0, ils auraient \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9s par un autre vaisseau automatique reprenant la route de la Terre pour les d\u00e9livrer dans le d\u00e9sert am\u00e9ricain. Toutefois, l\u2019ardoise d\u2019une dizaine de milliards de dollars est devenue inacceptable, et la Nasa cherche une solution moins co\u00fbteuse, au risque d\u2019abandonner le projet.<\/p>\r\n

\"\"<\/a>
La Nasa propose une strat\u00e9gie de sondes peu co\u00fbteuses, par exemple plus robustes pour diminuer les co\u00fbts d’atterrissage en douceur (NASA\/JPL-Caltech)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n


Une nouvelle vision \u00e0 long terme de l\u2019exploration robotique de Mars est en train de le devancer, sinon de s\u2019y substituer : le retour \u00e0 de petites sondes peu co\u00fbteuses \u2013 entre 100 et 300 millions de dollars \u2013 conduisant des missions simples et cibl\u00e9es. Les trois axes de recherche seraient la vie sur Mars, la g\u00e9ologie ou l\u2019\u00e9tude climatique et atmosph\u00e9rique de la plan\u00e8te rouge, et la pr\u00e9paration des futures missions pilot\u00e9es, mettant l\u2019accent par exemple sur l\u2019exploitation des ressources au sol, gazeuses, liquides et solides.

En r\u00e9sum\u00e9, les chercheurs voudront cerner des questions pr\u00e9cises avec des instruments simples, l\u2019id\u00e9e ma\u00eetresse \u00e9tant d\u00e9sormais de profiter, gr\u00e2ce au moindre co\u00fbt de ces petites sondes, de toutes les fen\u00eatres de tir, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire tous les deux ans. La Nasa n\u2019attend plus que les propositions, ouvertes \u00e9galement \u00e0 leurs partenaires internationaux.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Nasa a renouvel\u00e9 son int\u00e9r\u00eat pour une exploration assidue de la plan\u00e8te Mars au moyen de sondes automatiques. Avec deux robots automobiles encore en activit\u00e9 \u2013 Curiosity qui s\u2019est pos\u00e9 dans le crat\u00e8re Gale en 2012 et Perseverance qui s\u2019est pos\u00e9 dans le crat\u00e8re Jezero en 2021 \u2013 l\u2019agence am\u00e9ricaine n\u2019avait pas de projets … Continuer la lecture de L’avenir des sondes martiennes<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1139,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites"],"yoast_head":"\nL'avenir des sondes martiennes - Carnets de bord d\u2019un martien, le blog de Charles FRANKEL, g\u00e9ologue<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Nasa entrevoit de lancer des sondes vers Mars tous les deux\u00a0: des missions peu co\u00fbteuses, aux objectifs limit\u00e9s et pr\u00e9cis.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2024\/12\/26\/lavenir-des-sondes-martiennes\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Charles Frankel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2024\/12\/26\/lavenir-des-sondes-martiennes\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2024\/12\/26\/lavenir-des-sondes-martiennes\/\",\"name\":\"L'avenir des sondes martiennes - Carnets de bord d\u2019un martien, le blog de Charles FRANKEL, g\u00e9ologue\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2024\/12\/26\/lavenir-des-sondes-martiennes\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2024\/12\/26\/lavenir-des-sondes-martiennes\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/12\/MSR-NASA.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-12-26T17:15:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-12-26T17:17:34+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/#\/schema\/person\/c6bf521c6d19bf22fb19fb2b3d6fcf63\"},\"description\":\"La Nasa entrevoit de lancer des sondes vers Mars tous les deux\u00a0: des missions peu co\u00fbteuses, aux objectifs limit\u00e9s et pr\u00e9cis.\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2024\/12\/26\/lavenir-des-sondes-martiennes\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2024\/12\/26\/lavenir-des-sondes-martiennes\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/12\/MSR-NASA.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/12\/MSR-NASA.jpeg\",\"width\":1216,\"height\":804},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/\",\"name\":\"Carnets de bord d\u2019un martien, le blog de Charles FRANKEL, g\u00e9ologue\",\"description\":\"La science ? 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