{"id":1095,"date":"2022-10-27T21:21:34","date_gmt":"2022-10-27T21:21:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/?p=1095"},"modified":"2022-10-27T21:26:59","modified_gmt":"2022-10-27T21:26:59","slug":"un-impact-sur-mars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2022\/10\/27\/un-impact-sur-mars\/","title":{"rendered":"Une impact observ\u00e9 en direct"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

On a parl\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment de l\u2019impact d\u2019un petit ast\u00e9ro\u00efde d\u2019une dizaine de m\u00e8tres de diam\u00e8tre sur Mars. R\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 en ce mois d\u2019octobre 2022, l\u2019impact a eu lieu en fait le 24 d\u00e9cembre 2021 dans Amazonis Planitia. Les vibrations de l\u2019impact ont \u00e9t\u00e9 relev\u00e9s par la sonde au sol InSight, gr\u00e2ce au sismom\u00e8tre fran\u00e7ais charg\u00e9 de d\u00e9tecter les s\u00e9ismes martiens.
Ce n\u2019est pas \u00e9tonnant en soi : un objet de dix m\u00e8tres de diam\u00e8tre frappe la Terre, avec la puissance de 5 bombes d\u2019Hiroshima environ, tous les dix ans environ. \u00c0 cause de l\u2019\u00e9paisseur de l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re terrestre qui les freine et les d\u00e9sint\u00e8gre, peu d\u2019objets de cette taille percutent le sol sur Terre et laissent un crat\u00e8re, mais sur Mars c\u2019est encore le cas.
Ce qui est particuli\u00e8rement int\u00e9ressant, c\u2019est qu\u2019un tel impact ait eu lieu lors des trois ans de fonctionnement de la sonde InSight et de son sismom\u00e8tre, et qu\u2019il ait \u00e9mis des ondes dites \u00ab de surface \u00bb qui parcourent la cro\u00fbte de Mars \u00e0 faible profondeur et renseignent donc sur celle-ci : en l\u2019occurrence qu\u2019entre le site de l\u2019impact dans la plaine d\u2019Amazonis, environ 2000 km \u00e0 l\u2019est, et la sonde InSight dans Elysium, la cro\u00fbte est plus dense qu\u2019elle ne l\u2019est aux environs imm\u00e9diats de la sonde. Comme quoi la cro\u00fbte martienne n\u2019est pas identique partout, ce qui n\u2019\u00e9tonnera aucun g\u00e9ologue. Les plan\u00e8tes ne sont pas monotones.<\/p>\r\n

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L’impact dans Amazonis (en haut) permet d’\u00e9tudier la cro\u00fbte martienne entre le site de l’impact et le sismom\u00e8tre de la sonde inSight (en bas)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n


Quant aux images, ce qui est int\u00e9ressant, c\u2019est que les quelques dizaines de m\u00e8tres de profondeur excav\u00e9es par l\u2019impact, dans une r\u00e9gion proche de l\u2019\u00e9quateur, des blocs de glace ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9s en surface. Pour les vols pilot\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019avenir, c\u2019est encourageant : il y a de l\u2019eau \u00e0 faible profondeur m\u00eame \u00e0 ces faibles latitudes, pour alimenter les futures bases martiennes.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On a parl\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment de l\u2019impact d\u2019un petit ast\u00e9ro\u00efde d\u2019une dizaine de m\u00e8tres de diam\u00e8tre sur Mars. R\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 en ce mois d\u2019octobre 2022, l\u2019impact a eu lieu en fait le 24 d\u00e9cembre 2021 dans Amazonis Planitia. Les vibrations de l\u2019impact ont \u00e9t\u00e9 relev\u00e9s par la sonde au sol InSight, gr\u00e2ce au sismom\u00e8tre fran\u00e7ais charg\u00e9 de … Continuer la lecture de Une impact observ\u00e9 en direct<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1100,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[13,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1095","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","category-sciences"],"yoast_head":"\nUne impact observ\u00e9 en direct - Carnets de bord d\u2019un martien, le blog de Charles FRANKEL, g\u00e9ologue<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un impact d'ast\u00e9ro\u00efde observ\u00e9 en direct sur Mars cr\u00e9e un s\u00e9isme d\u00e9tect\u00e9 par la sonde InSight.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2022\/10\/27\/un-impact-sur-mars\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Charles Frankel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2022\/10\/27\/un-impact-sur-mars\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2022\/10\/27\/un-impact-sur-mars\/\",\"name\":\"Une impact observ\u00e9 en direct - Carnets de bord d\u2019un martien, le blog de Charles FRANKEL, g\u00e9ologue\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2022\/10\/27\/un-impact-sur-mars\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2022\/10\/27\/un-impact-sur-mars\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/10\/Impact-ASACALTECH-JPLMSSS.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-10-27T21:21:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-10-27T21:26:59+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/#\/schema\/person\/c6bf521c6d19bf22fb19fb2b3d6fcf63\"},\"description\":\"Un impact d'ast\u00e9ro\u00efde observ\u00e9 en direct sur Mars cr\u00e9e un s\u00e9isme d\u00e9tect\u00e9 par la sonde InSight.\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2022\/10\/27\/un-impact-sur-mars\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/2022\/10\/27\/un-impact-sur-mars\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/10\/Impact-ASACALTECH-JPLMSSS.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/10\/Impact-ASACALTECH-JPLMSSS.jpeg\",\"width\":1037,\"height\":567},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/frankel\/\",\"name\":\"Carnets de bord d\u2019un martien, le blog de Charles FRANKEL, g\u00e9ologue\",\"description\":\"La science ? 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