{"id":9123,"date":"2018-04-16T09:19:42","date_gmt":"2018-04-16T09:19:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/?p=9123"},"modified":"2018-04-24T20:17:44","modified_gmt":"2018-04-24T20:17:44","slug":"mars-express-survole-curieux-cratere-ismenia-patera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/2018\/04\/16\/mars-express-survole-curieux-cratere-ismenia-patera\/","title":{"rendered":"Mars Express survole le curieux crat\u00e8re Ismenia Patera"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019orbiteur europ\u00e9en Mars Express a photographi\u00e9 de pr\u00e8s le crat\u00e8re Ismenia Patera<\/em> situ\u00e9 dans l’h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord de la Plan\u00e8te rouge.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dans la grande famille des sondes qui ont survol\u00e9 la\u00a0Plan\u00e8te rouge\u00a0<\/a>depuis Mariner 4 en 1965, l\u2019orbiteur europ\u00e9en\u00a0Mars Express<\/a>\u00a0tient une place tout \u00e0 fait honorable. Lanc\u00e9 du cosmodrome de\u00a0Ba\u00efkonour<\/a> le 2 juin 2003, Mars Express se satellise 6 mois plus tard autour de la Plan\u00e8te rouge.\u00a0Pr\u00e8s de 15 ann\u00e9es se sont \u00e9coul\u00e9es depuis et la sonde poursuit toujours son travail : cartographie des reliefs, \u00e9tude de l\u2019\u00e9volution des calottes polaires, analyse de l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re et de son interaction avec le\u00a0vent solaire<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Cette image propos\u00e9e par l’ESA<\/a>\u00a0a \u00e9t\u00e9 prise le 1er janvier 2018 par la cam\u00e9ra st\u00e9r\u00e9o haute r\u00e9solution HRSC<\/a> de Mars Express ; elle montre un crat\u00e8re nomm\u00e9 Ismenia Patera<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Ce crat\u00e8re se trouve au sein d’Arabia Terra,<\/em>\u00a0une r\u00e9gion martienne fortement crat\u00e9ris\u00e9e qui reprend la d\u00e9nomination attribu\u00e9e par\u00a0Giovanni Schiaparelli, l\u2019astronome italien qui observa au XIXe si\u00e8cle dans sa\u00a0lunette astronomique<\/a>\u00a0cette zone contrast\u00e9e dont la forme g\u00e9n\u00e9rale \u00e9voquait l\u2019Arabie. En 2003 l\u2019orbiteur\u00a0Mars Odyssey<\/em>\u00a0r\u00e9v\u00e9la que cette r\u00e9gion situ\u00e9e dans l\u2019h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord de la plan\u00e8te Rouge \u00e9tait\u00a0la plus riche en hydrog\u00e8ne de toute la surface, laissant supposer que de l\u2019eau devait \u00eatre m\u00e9lang\u00e9e avec les mat\u00e9riaux pr\u00e9sents dans le sol.<\/p>\n

Les scientifiques ne savent toujours pas exactement comment s’est form\u00e9e Ismenia Patera<\/em>\u00a0; c’est peut-\u00eatre un crat\u00e8re d’impact qui r\u00e9sulte de la chute d’une grosse m\u00e9t\u00e9orite \u00e0 la surface de Mars, ou la caldeira d’un tr\u00e8s ancien supervolcan.\u00a0\u00c0 l’int\u00e9rieur du crat\u00e8re de 75 km de diam\u00e8tre, on remarque la pr\u00e9sence de nombreuses collines et de mesas (des buttes \u00e0 sommet plat et aux versants abrupts) d’une centaine de m\u00e8tres de haut dispos\u00e9es concentriquement autour du centre.\u00a0En y regardant de plus pr\u00e8s, de petites ravines sont visibles \u00e0 certains endroits sur le bord d’Ismenia Patera\u00a0<\/em>:\u00a0elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 creus\u00e9es par des \u00e9coulements d’eau ou de glace en direction de l’int\u00e9rieur du crat\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

Cette vue en perspective oblique a \u00e9t\u00e9 calcul\u00e9e\u00a0\u00e0 partir de donn\u00e9es acquises par la cam\u00e9ra de Mars Express au cours de l’orbite n\u00b0 17.723. La r\u00e9solution de l’image est de 17 m\u00e8tres par pixel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019orbiteur europ\u00e9en Mars Express a photographi\u00e9 de pr\u00e8s le crat\u00e8re Ismenia Patera situ\u00e9 dans l’h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord de la Plan\u00e8te rouge. Dans la grande famille des sondes qui ont survol\u00e9 la\u00a0Plan\u00e8te rouge\u00a0depuis Mariner 4 en 1965, l\u2019orbiteur europ\u00e9en\u00a0Mars Express\u00a0tient une place tout \u00e0 fait honorable. Lanc\u00e9 du cosmodrome de\u00a0Ba\u00efkonour le 2 juin 2003, Mars Express se … Continuer la lecture de Mars Express survole le curieux crat\u00e8re Ismenia Patera<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":9124,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[509],"tags":[1446,523,1445,2508,116,702,115],"class_list":["post-9123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","tag-arabia-terra","tag-esa","tag-giovanni-schiaparelli","tag-ismenia-patera","tag-mars","tag-mars-express","tag-planete-rouge"],"yoast_head":"\nMars Express survole le curieux crat\u00e8re Ismenia Patera<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u2019orbiteur europ\u00e9en Mars Express a photographi\u00e9 de pr\u00e8s le crat\u00e8re Ismenia Patera situ\u00e9 dans l'h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord de 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