{"id":7259,"date":"2017-03-09T19:04:40","date_gmt":"2017-03-09T19:04:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/?p=7259"},"modified":"2017-03-15T12:33:00","modified_gmt":"2017-03-15T12:33:00","slug":"zoom-meteorite-ferreuse-de-tamentit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/2017\/03\/09\/zoom-meteorite-ferreuse-de-tamentit\/","title":{"rendered":"Zoom sur la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse de Tamentit"},"content":{"rendered":"

Expos\u00e9e au parc d’attractions de Vulcania en Auvergne, la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse de Tamentit est un caillou extraterrestre de 510 kg d’une valeur inestimable.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Situ\u00e9e \u00e0 1.400 km d’Alger, non loin de la ville d’Adrar, l’oasis de Tamentit doit sa c\u00e9l\u00e9brit\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9couverte en 1864 d’une m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse (voir sa carte d’identit\u00e9<\/a>) d’une demi-tonne \u00e0 moiti\u00e9 enfouie dans le sable. Tomb\u00e9e vers\u00a0la fin du XIVe \u00e0 une douzaine de km de l’oasis, elle y avait \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9e et plac\u00e9e sur l’une des places publiques.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Peut-\u00eatre parce qu’elle rappelait aux habitants la Pierre noire sacr\u00e9e (plac\u00e9e\u00a0dans l’angle sud-est de la Kaaba, le monument qui se trouve au centre de la mosqu\u00e9e al-Haram de La Mecque, en Arabie saoudite), la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite de Tamentit devint un objet sacr\u00e9 sur lequel venaient s’asseoir les femmes qui n’arrivaient pas \u00e0 enfanter.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Les scientifiques fran\u00e7ais qui en avaient entendu parler la d\u00e9couvrirent en 1864 et la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite fut transf\u00e9r\u00e9e en 1927 \u00e0 Paris au Mus\u00e9um national d’Histoire naturelle<\/a> : les notables locaux avaient fini par accepter de la c\u00e9der en \u00e9change d’une somme d’argent destin\u00e9e \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer le syst\u00e8me d’irrigation de leur oasis.<\/p>\n

La m\u00e9t\u00e9orite de Tamentit fait partie des m\u00e9t\u00e9orites ferreuses appel\u00e9es anciennement sid\u00e9rites et compos\u00e9es principalement de fer et de nickel. Elles sont les r\u00e9sidus de noyaux d’ast\u00e9ro\u00efdes de type M<\/a> qui ont perdu leur manteau \u00e0 la suite de multiples collisions. Ces m\u00e9t\u00e9orites sont beaucoup plus r\u00e9sistantes \u00e0 l’\u00e9rosion atmosph\u00e9rique et aux intemp\u00e9ries, ce qui explique leur forte proportion chez les collectionneurs, bien qu’elles soient en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 beaucoup plus rares que les m\u00e9t\u00e9orites pierreuses.<\/p>\n

La m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse de Tamentit \u00e9tait la plus grosse du monde au moment de sa d\u00e9couverte, mais elle a depuis \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9pass\u00e9e par quelques exemplaires beaucoup plus imposants comme le Campo del Cielo<\/em> en Argentine (un fragment de 37 tonnes, El Chaco<\/em>, a \u00e9t\u00e9 localis\u00e9 en 1969 et un autre de 30 tonnes, Gancedo<\/em><\/a>, en 2016) ou la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite de Hoba en Namibie (60 tonnes) d\u00e9gag\u00e9e en 1920.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00eat\u00e9e par le Mus\u00e9um national d’Histoire naturelle, la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite de Tamentit se trouve aujourd’hui au parc d’attractions Vulcania<\/a> implant\u00e9 au c\u0153ur des volcans d’Auvergne, en attendant qu’elle retourne peut-\u00eatre un jour en Alg\u00e9rie…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Expos\u00e9e au parc d’attractions de Vulcania en Auvergne, la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse de Tamentit est un caillou extraterrestre de 510 kg d’une valeur inestimable.\u00a0 Situ\u00e9e \u00e0 1.400 km d’Alger, non loin de la ville d’Adrar, l’oasis de Tamentit doit sa c\u00e9l\u00e9brit\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9couverte en 1864 d’une m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse (voir sa carte d’identit\u00e9) d’une demi-tonne \u00e0 … Continuer la lecture de Zoom sur la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse de Tamentit<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":7260,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[2058,240,2059,2060,2065,2061,2056,2064,2063,2057,2062],"class_list":["post-7259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-hommes-et-le-ciel","tag-algerie","tag-asteroide","tag-campo-del-cielo","tag-el-chaco","tag-gancedo","tag-meteorite-de-hoba","tag-meteorite-ferreuse","tag-museum-national-dhistoire-naturelle","tag-siderite","tag-tamentit","tag-vulcania"],"yoast_head":"\nZoom sur la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse de Tamentit<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Expos\u00e9e au parc d'attractions de Vulcania en Auvergne, la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse de Tamentit est un caillou extraterrestre de 510 kg d'une valeur inestimable.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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