{"id":5602,"date":"2016-04-26T14:59:49","date_gmt":"2016-04-26T14:59:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/?p=5602"},"modified":"2016-05-10T15:19:47","modified_gmt":"2016-05-10T15:19:47","slug":"miroir-jwst-se-devoile-lentement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/2016\/04\/26\/miroir-jwst-se-devoile-lentement\/","title":{"rendered":"Le miroir du JWST se d\u00e9voile lentement"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les ing\u00e9nieurs de la NASA sont en train de d\u00e9couvrir l’un apr\u00e8s l’autre les dix-huit segments du miroir principal du JWST (James Webb Space Telescope<\/em>).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Successeur du t\u00e9lescope spatial Hubble, le James Webb Space Telescope<\/em><\/a> (nomm\u00e9 en hommage \u00e0 James Edwin Webb, administrateur de la NASA entre 1961 et 1968) est un instrument qui sera dot\u00e9 d\u2019un miroir de 6,5 m de diam\u00e8tre. Il doit \u00eatre lanc\u00e9 en octobre 2018 par une fus\u00e9e Ariane 5 depuis le centre spatial guyanais de Kourou.<\/p>\n

\"jwst2\"<\/a><\/p>\n

L’assemblage du t\u00e9lescope se poursuit dans la salle blanche g\u00e9ante du Goddard Space Flight Center<\/em><\/a> \u00e0 Greenbelt dans le Maryland. La monture du t\u00e9lescope est op\u00e9rationnelle et le module ISIM <\/a>(Integrated Science Instrument Module<\/em>) qui regroupe les principaux instruments destin\u00e9s \u00e0 la bonne marche du t\u00e9lescope (cam\u00e9ra infrarouge, spectrom\u00e8tre, capteurs de guidage..) a \u00e9t\u00e9 test\u00e9 dans une enceinte \u00e0 -254\u00b0 C destin\u00e9e \u00e0 reproduire les conditions que subira le t\u00e9lescope dans l’espace.<\/p>\n

\"jwst1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Pour r\u00e9aliser un miroir principal deux fois et demie plus large que celui du t\u00e9lescope spatial Hubble<\/a> (soit 6,5 m\u00e8tres de diam\u00e8tre) sans qu’il soit plus lourd, les ing\u00e9nieurs de la NASA <\/a>on choisi d’utiliser du b\u00e9ryllium, un des m\u00e9taux les plus l\u00e9gers au monde, dont les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et m\u00e9caniques sont adapt\u00e9es aux temp\u00e9ratures cryog\u00e9niques (- 223 \u00b0C) qui seront n\u00e9cessaires pour que le JWST puisse \u00e9galement observer dans l’infrarouge et surpasse l’observatoire spatial Herschel <\/a>de l’ESA. <\/p>\n

La NASA a publi\u00e9 le 25 avril deux images (ci-dessus) montrant ses techniciens en train d’enlever progressivement les caches prot\u00e9geant les dix-huit segments en b\u00e9ryllium recouvert d’or qui composent le miroir principal du JWST. L’image du 26 avril ci-dessous montre une vue globale de la salle blanche avec le t\u00e9lescope.<\/p>\n

\"jwst3\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Les tests du JWST vont se poursuivre\u00a0: pas question que cet instrument qui devrait co\u00fbter la bagatelle de 10 milliards de dollars tombe en panne. Si le d\u00e9pannage du t\u00e9lescope spatial Hubble a \u00e9t\u00e9 possible dans le pass\u00e9 en raison de son orbite basse (moins de 600 km de la Terre), il sera rigoureusement impossible d\u2019intervenir sur le JWST une fois que ce dernier aura \u00e9t\u00e9 plac\u00e9 \u00e0 1,5 million de kilom\u00e8tres de la Terre, au point de Lagrange L2.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les ing\u00e9nieurs de la NASA sont en train de d\u00e9couvrir l’un apr\u00e8s l’autre les dix-huit segments du miroir principal du JWST (James Webb Space Telescope). Successeur du t\u00e9lescope spatial Hubble, le James Webb Space Telescope (nomm\u00e9 en hommage \u00e0 James Edwin Webb, administrateur de la NASA entre 1961 et 1968) est un instrument qui sera … Continuer la lecture de Le miroir du JWST se d\u00e9voile lentement<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":5605,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[509],"tags":[523,1344,741,486,1345,821,544],"class_list":["post-5602","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","tag-esa","tag-isim","tag-jwst","tag-nasa","tag-point-de-lagrange","tag-telescope-spatial-herschel","tag-telescope-spatial-hubble"],"yoast_head":"\nLe miroir du JWST se d\u00e9voile lentement<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les ing\u00e9nieurs de la NASA sont en train de d\u00e9couvrir l'un 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