{"id":4872,"date":"2016-02-05T05:52:03","date_gmt":"2016-02-05T05:52:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/?p=4872"},"modified":"2016-02-14T10:04:09","modified_gmt":"2016-02-14T10:04:09","slug":"zoom-sur-la-croix-du-sud-la-plus-petite-des-constellations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/2016\/02\/05\/zoom-sur-la-croix-du-sud-la-plus-petite-des-constellations\/","title":{"rendered":"Zoom sur la Croix du Sud, la plus petite des constellations"},"content":{"rendered":"

Une image prise au pied d’une des coupoles de l’Observatoire de La Silla nous permet de d\u00e9couvrir la minuscule constellation de la Croix du Sud.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Avec une superficie de 68 degr\u00e9s\u00b2, la Croix du Sud est la constellation la moins \u00e9tendue, ce qui ne l’emp\u00eache pas d’\u00eatre bien connue de tous les observateurs du ciel austral.<\/p>\n

Elle est d’abord tr\u00e8s utile pour trouver le p\u00f4le sud c\u00e9leste : il suffit pour cela de prolonger 4,5 fois la distance entre les \u00e9toiles Gacrux et Acrux pour trouver le point par lequel passe l’axe de rotation de la Terre, dans une r\u00e9gion c\u00e9leste tr\u00e8s pauvre en \u00e9toiles (l’\u00e9toile polaire<\/a> bien connue sous nos latitudes n’a en effet pas d’\u00e9quivalent dans l’h\u00e9misph\u00e8re sud).<\/p>\n

\"croix_du_sud2\"<\/a><\/p>\n

La Croix du Sud est \u00e9galement un passage oblig\u00e9 pour trouver Alpha Centauri<\/em> (Toliman) et Beta Centauri<\/em> (Ag\u00e9na)<\/a>, le syst\u00e8me stellaire le plus proche du Soleil<\/a>\u00a0dont le troisi\u00e8me membre, le plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre bien qu’il soit invisible \u00e0 l’\u0153il nu, est Proxima Centauri<\/a>\u00a0<\/em>(cette naine rouge est peut-\u00eatre accompagn\u00e9e d’une exoplan\u00e8te, une hypoth\u00e8se s\u00e9duisante que vise \u00e0 confirmer le programme Pale Red Dot<\/a><\/em>).<\/p>\n

\u00a0Cette image r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par l’astrophotographe\u00a0Yuri Beletsky<\/a> pour l’ESO<\/a>\u00a0montre au premier plan la coupole du t\u00e9lescope danois de 1,54 m de diam\u00e8tre, un des nombreux instruments europ\u00e9ens install\u00e9s \u00e0 l’Observatoire de La Silla<\/a> dans les Andes chiliennes.<\/p>\n

La constellation de la Croix du Sud abrite une curiosit\u00e9, le Sac de Charbon. Il s’agit d’une n\u00e9buleuse obscure d\u00e9couverte en 1499 par le navigateur espagnol Vicente Y\u00e1\u00f1ez Pinz\u00f3n, un nuage de gaz et de poussi\u00e8res situ\u00e9 \u00e0 600 ann\u00e9es-lumi\u00e8re qui absorbe une grande partie de la lumi\u00e8re des \u00e9toiles de la Voie lact\u00e9e<\/a> qui sont derri\u00e8re.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Une image prise au pied d’une des coupoles de l’Observatoire de La Silla nous permet de d\u00e9couvrir la minuscule constellation de la Croix du Sud. Avec une superficie de 68 degr\u00e9s\u00b2, la Croix du Sud est la constellation la moins \u00e9tendue, ce qui ne l’emp\u00eache pas d’\u00eatre bien connue de tous les observateurs du ciel … Continuer la lecture de Zoom sur la Croix du Sud, la plus petite des constellations<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":4873,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[1466,633,98,892,1468,1469,166,1016],"class_list":["post-4872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciel-etoile","tag-constellation-de-la-croix-du-sud","tag-eso","tag-etoile-polaire","tag-observatoire-de-la-silla","tag-sac-de-charbon","tag-vicente-yanez-pinzon","tag-voie-lactee","tag-yuri-beletsky"],"yoast_head":"\nZoom sur la Croix du Sud, la plus petite des constellations<\/title>\n<meta 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