{"id":3688,"date":"2015-10-08T05:05:56","date_gmt":"2015-10-08T05:05:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/?p=3688"},"modified":"2015-10-16T04:57:54","modified_gmt":"2015-10-16T04:57:54","slug":"carma-un-interferometre-dans-la-sierra-nevada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/2015\/10\/08\/carma-un-interferometre-dans-la-sierra-nevada\/","title":{"rendered":"CARMA, un interf\u00e9rom\u00e8tre dans la Sierra Nevada"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dans les montagnes de l’\u00e9tat de Californie, les astronomes ont associ\u00e9 plusieurs radiot\u00e9lescopes pour \u00e9tudier l’Univers froid, inaccessible aux t\u00e9lescopes.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00e9riss\u00e9e de sommets entre 2500 et 4400 m\u00e8tres d’altitude, balay\u00e9e r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement par un vent sec et chaud, la Sierra Nevada californienne combine haute altitude et environnement sec. Des conditions parfaites pour y pratiquer l’astronomie millim\u00e9trique : les petites longueurs d’onde \u00e9mises par la mati\u00e8re froide dans l’Univers (quelques dizaines de degr\u00e9s Kelvin) sont en effet tr\u00e8s sensibles \u00e0 la vapeur d’eau pr\u00e9sente dans l’atmosph\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

\"carma\"<\/a><\/p>\n

C’est dans une r\u00e9gion situ\u00e9e \u00e0 2440 m d’altitude qu’on \u00e9t\u00e9 implant\u00e9es les 15 antennes du projet CARMA <\/a>(Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy<\/em>), un interf\u00e9rom\u00e8tre qui ressemble beaucoup \u00e0 NOEMA<\/a>\u00a0dans\u00a0le massif du D\u00e9voluy (Hautes-Alpes).<\/p>\n

Les 15 r\u00e9cepteurs millim\u00e9triques de CARMA \u00a0(six de 10,4 m de diam\u00e8tre et neuf de 6 m de diam\u00e8tre) sont d\u00e9plac\u00e9s sur des rails de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 faire varier la surface totale de r\u00e9ception qui peut atteindre 772 m\u00b2.<\/p>\n

Avec CARMA, les astronomes <\/a>peuvent rechercher la pr\u00e9sence de certaines mol\u00e9cules organiques dans les com\u00e8tes<\/a>, scruter le coeur des galaxies <\/a>proches et lointaines pour y \u00e9tudier les gaz les plus froids ou traquer de jeunes syst\u00e8mes plan\u00e9taires en formation dans la Voie lact\u00e9e<\/a>.<\/p>\n

L’image ci-dessus, r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par l’astrophotographe\u00a0Howard Ignatius<\/a>, nous montre l’une des antennes de CARMA sous la Voie lact\u00e9e<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dans les montagnes de l’\u00e9tat de Californie, les astronomes ont associ\u00e9 plusieurs radiot\u00e9lescopes pour \u00e9tudier l’Univers froid, inaccessible aux t\u00e9lescopes.\u00a0 H\u00e9riss\u00e9e de sommets entre 2500 et 4400 m\u00e8tres d’altitude, balay\u00e9e r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement par un vent sec et chaud, la Sierra Nevada californienne combine haute altitude et environnement sec. Des conditions parfaites pour y pratiquer l’astronomie millim\u00e9trique … Continuer la lecture de CARMA, un interf\u00e9rom\u00e8tre dans la Sierra Nevada<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3689,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[1251,1250,1253,1049,769,1252],"class_list":["post-3688","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-hommes-et-le-ciel","tag-californie","tag-carma","tag-howard-ignatius","tag-interferometre","tag-radiotelescope","tag-sierra-nevada"],"yoast_head":"\nCARMA, un interf\u00e9rom\u00e8tre dans la Sierra Nevada<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dans les montagnes de l'\u00e9tat de Californie, les astronomes ont associ\u00e9 plusieurs radiot\u00e9lescopes pour \u00e9tudier l'Univers froid, inaccessible aux 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