{"id":3024,"date":"2015-07-24T05:54:03","date_gmt":"2015-07-24T05:54:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/?p=3024"},"modified":"2015-07-30T06:29:37","modified_gmt":"2015-07-30T06:29:37","slug":"le-telescope-spatial-james-webb-prend-forme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/2015\/07\/24\/le-telescope-spatial-james-webb-prend-forme\/","title":{"rendered":"Le t\u00e9lescope spatial James Webb prend forme"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dot\u00e9 d’un \u00e9tonnant miroir en\u00a0b\u00e9ryllium recouvert d’or, le James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) devrait \u00eatre mis en orbite fin 2018.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Si tout se passe comme pr\u00e9vu, le t\u00e9lescope spatial Hubble<\/a> aura un successeur en 2018. Depuis 26 ans en effet, les scientifiques de la NASA<\/a> d\u00e9veloppent un instrument \u00e9tonnant qu’ils ont baptis\u00e9 James Webb Space Telescope<\/em>\u00a0(JWST<\/a>)en hommage \u00e0 James Edwin Webb, administrateur de la NASA entre 1961 et 1968.<\/p>\n

\"jwst\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Le JWST disposera d’un\u00a0miroir principal de 6,5 m\u00e8tres de diam\u00e8tre, trois fois plus large que celui de Hubble.<\/p>\n

Ce miroir sera constitu\u00e9 de dix-huit segments en b\u00e9ryllium recouverts d’or de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 \u00e9tudier le rayonnement infrarouge des astres les plus lointains de l’Univers, comme l’a fait avant lui le t\u00e9lescope spatial Herschel<\/a>.<\/p>\n

L’image ci-dessus montre six \u00e9l\u00e9ments du miroir avant leur test dans une chambre froide (pour bien fonctionner en infrarouge le JWST devra \u00eatre maintenu \u00e0 une tr\u00e8s basse temp\u00e9rature, -223\u00b0C).<\/p>\n

Ce t\u00e9lescope de plus de 6 tonnes qui devrait co\u00fbter la bagatelle de 10 milliards de dollars sera envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 1,5 million de kilom\u00e8tres de la Terre \u00e0 l’aide d’une fus\u00e9e Ariane 5<\/a> depuis la base de Kourou <\/a>en Guyane.<\/p>\n

Bien que le financement de cet instrument soit principalement am\u00e9ricain, les agences spatiales europ\u00e9enne et canadienne collaborent \u00e0 ce projet. L’objectif du JWST est d’observer de tr\u00e8s jeunes galaxies 300 millions d’ann\u00e9es seulement apr\u00e8s le Big Bang pour mieux comprendre la formation de l’Univers. Il participera \u00e9galement \u00e0 la recherche de nouvelles exoterres, ces plan\u00e8tes extrasolaires dont les caract\u00e9ristiques sont comparables \u00e0 celles de notre plan\u00e8te, \u00e0 l’image de Kepler 452b<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dot\u00e9 d’un \u00e9tonnant miroir en\u00a0b\u00e9ryllium recouvert d’or, le James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) devrait \u00eatre mis en orbite fin 2018. Si tout se passe comme pr\u00e9vu, le t\u00e9lescope spatial Hubble aura un successeur en 2018. Depuis 26 ans en effet, les scientifiques de la NASA d\u00e9veloppent un instrument \u00e9tonnant qu’ils ont baptis\u00e9 James Webb Space … Continuer la lecture de Le t\u00e9lescope spatial James Webb prend forme<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3026,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[509],"tags":[1108,1106,1105,741,1174,1107,486,476],"class_list":["post-3024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","tag-ariane-5","tag-big-bang","tag-james-edwin-webb","tag-jwst","tag-kepler-452b","tag-kourou","tag-nasa","tag-univers"],"yoast_head":"\nLe t\u00e9lescope spatial James Webb prend forme<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dot\u00e9 d'un \u00e9tonnant miroir en b\u00e9ryllium recouvert d'or, le James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) devrait 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