{"id":11728,"date":"2020-03-22T07:53:58","date_gmt":"2020-03-22T07:53:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/?p=11728"},"modified":"2022-03-23T17:14:57","modified_gmt":"2022-03-23T17:14:57","slug":"les-aurores-boreales-etaient-au-rendez-vous-pour-lequinoxe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/2020\/03\/22\/les-aurores-boreales-etaient-au-rendez-vous-pour-lequinoxe\/","title":{"rendered":"Les aurores bor\u00e9ales \u00e9taient au rendez-vous pour l\u2019\u00c9quinoxe"},"content":{"rendered":"

C’est le m\u00eame spectacle \u00e0 chaque \u00c9quinoxe. Le ciel nordique s’embrase de magnifiques aurores polaires. Une co\u00efncidence qu’on commence \u00e0 expliquer.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Des aurores tr\u00e8s lumineuses :<\/h5>\n

Comme d’autres, le photographe Matt Robinson<\/a> en a fait l’exp\u00e9rience. La nuit de l’\u00c9quinoxe il a vu se d\u00e9ployer de magnifiques aurores depuis son site d’observation en Norv\u00e8ge<\/a>. Le ciel n’\u00e9tait m\u00eame pas encore noir que d\u00e9j\u00e0 de belles draperies lumineuses venaient tenir compagnie \u00e0 V\u00e9nus<\/a> au-dessus de l’horizon OUEST. Les connaisseurs auront m\u00eame reconnu l’amas d’\u00e9toiles des Pl\u00e9iades<\/a> un peu plus haut que la brillante plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Des aurores \u00e9taient visibles en Norv\u00e8ge pendant la nuit de l\u2019\u00c9quinoxe. \u00a9 Matt Robinson<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La danse des aurores illumine le ciel au niveau du cercle polaire depuis plusieurs nuits. Un spectacle immortalis\u00e9 \u00e9galement par Andrei Andritcu<\/a> (voir plus bas). Mais quel est donc le rapport entre aurores polaires et \u00c9quinoxe ?<\/p>\n

Un co\u00efncidence qui s’explique :<\/h5>\n

En 2007 le physicien solaire David Hathaway (du\u00a0Marshall Space Flight Center<\/em><\/a>) pr\u00e9senta un surprenant graphique. En compilant 75 ans de donn\u00e9es concernant les perturbations g\u00e9omagn\u00e9tiques, il avait d\u00e9couvert deux pics d\u2019activit\u00e9 correspondant aux \u00e9quinoxes. On connaissait d\u00e9j\u00e0 le lien entre aurores polaires et activit\u00e9 solaire, mais le Soleil<\/a> se moque bien des saisons terrestres. Alors pourquoi observait-on plus d\u2019aurores aux \u00e9quinoxes ?<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Bien qu\u2019il reste encore beaucoup \u00e0 apprendre sur ce sujet, les chercheurs pensent que c\u2019est une question de g\u00e9om\u00e9trie : le mouvement de la Terre sur son orbite provoque un oscillation des p\u00f4les magn\u00e9tiques si on les observe depuis le Soleil. Autour de l\u2019\u00c9quinoxe le champ magn\u00e9tique terrestre est mieux orient\u00e9 pour se connecter avec notre \u00e9toile et le vent solaire s\u2019\u00e9coule plus facilement. Cette explication, propos\u00e9e dans les ann\u00e9es 1970 (c’est l’effet Russell-McPherron<\/a>) a \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9e par les mesures des satellites Themis<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Des aurores \u00e9taient visibles en Norv\u00e8ge pendant la nuit de l\u2019\u00c9quinoxe. \u00a9 Andrei Andritcu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\u00c0 savoir :<\/h5>\n

Les cinq satellites Themis\u00a0(abr\u00e9viation de\u00a0Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms<\/em>) sont sp\u00e9cialement con\u00e7us pour \u00e9tudier les aurores. Ils sont plac\u00e9s sur des orbites comprises entre 12 et 30 rayons terrestres \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de la magn\u00e9tosph\u00e8re<\/a>. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 eux les scientifiques ont pu localiser la source des temp\u00eates g\u00e9omagn\u00e9tiques. Elles se d\u00e9veloppent \u00e0 partir d\u2019explosions d\u2019\u00e9nergie (appel\u00e9es sous-orages magn\u00e9tiques) qui se produisent \u00e0 un tiers de la distance Terre-Lune<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C’est le m\u00eame spectacle \u00e0 chaque \u00c9quinoxe. Le ciel nordique s’embrase de magnifiques aurores polaires. Une co\u00efncidence qu’on commence \u00e0 expliquer. Des aurores tr\u00e8s lumineuses : Comme d’autres, le photographe Matt Robinson en a fait l’exp\u00e9rience. La nuit de l’\u00c9quinoxe il a vu se d\u00e9ployer de magnifiques aurores depuis son site d’observation en Norv\u00e8ge. Le … Continuer la lecture de Les aurores bor\u00e9ales \u00e9taient au rendez-vous pour l\u2019\u00c9quinoxe<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":11732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[509],"tags":[1906,378,1514,2325],"class_list":["post-11728","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","tag-aurores-polaires","tag-equinoxe","tag-norvege","tag-themis"],"yoast_head":"\nLes aurores bor\u00e9ales \u00e9taient au rendez-vous pour l\u2019\u00c9quinoxe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C'est le m\u00eame spectacle \u00e0 chaque \u00c9quinoxe. Le ciel nordique s'embrase de magnifiques aurores polaires. 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