{"id":11626,"date":"2020-03-05T10:20:35","date_gmt":"2020-03-05T10:20:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/?p=11626"},"modified":"2020-03-20T10:22:34","modified_gmt":"2020-03-20T10:22:34","slug":"zoom-sur-la-meteorite-ferreuse-de-hoba-en-namibie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/2020\/03\/05\/zoom-sur-la-meteorite-ferreuse-de-hoba-en-namibie\/","title":{"rendered":"Zoom sur la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse de Hoba en Namibie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Soixante tonnes : c’est la masse de la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite de Hoba. Il s’agit du plus gros bloc extraterrestre connu sur Terre \u00e0 ce jour.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ciel de Namibie :<\/h5>\n

La Namibie est un paradis pour les astronomes en raison de l\u2019absence de pollution lumineuse<\/a>. On y trouve plusieurs fermes astronomiques \u00e9quip\u00e9es d\u2019instruments d\u2019observation comme celle de Tivoli<\/a>. Le pays accueille \u00e9galement HESS<\/a> (High Energy Stereoscopic System<\/em>), un r\u00e9seau de t\u00e9lescopes \u00e0 imagerie Cherenkov<\/a> atmosph\u00e9rique.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
La m\u00e9t\u00e9orite de Hoba en Namibie est la plus grosse du monde. \u00a9 Carlos Neto<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Si vous vous rendez dans le nord-est, du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la ville de Grootfontein, ne manquez pas de pousser jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la ferme d\u2019Hoba West<\/em>. C\u2019est l\u00e0 que vous pourrez admirer le plus gros bloc de fer naturel \u00e0 la surface de notre plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n

Une curieuse forme :<\/h5>\n

La m\u00e9t\u00e9orite de Hoba est constitu\u00e9e \u00e0 82,4 % de fer, 16,4 % de nickel et un peu de cobalt, tout comme sa petite s\u0153ur de Tamentit<\/a>. Elle a heurt\u00e9 le sol de la Namibie il y a un peu moins de 80.000 ans. Elle se pr\u00e9sente comme un imposant parall\u00e9l\u00e9pip\u00e8de d’un peu moins de 3 m\u00e8tres de c\u00f4t\u00e9s pour 0,9 m\u00e8tre de haut. Cette forme inhabituelle explique peut-\u00eatre pourquoi la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ne s\u2019est pas fragment\u00e9e dans sa chute. Il est possible qu\u2019elle ait rebondi dans l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re comme un galet lanc\u00e9 sur une surface liquide.<\/p>\n

D\u00e9couverte par hasard :<\/h5>\n

Lorsqu\u2019elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9gag\u00e9e en 1920, la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite (qui n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9plac\u00e9e) avait une masse estim\u00e9e \u00e0 66 tonnes. Le vandalisme, l\u2019\u00e9rosion et les pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements scientifiques ont ramen\u00e9 cette masse \u00e0 60 tonnes. Comme la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite n\u2019a pas creus\u00e9 de crat\u00e8re, sa d\u00e9couverte fut fortuite. C\u2019est en labourant son terrain que le propri\u00e9taire, Jacobus Hermanus Brits, heurta avec sa charrue une masse m\u00e9tallique. Brits d\u00e9gagea le bloc et enleva un \u00e9clat de roche avec son couteau. En voyant comme il brillait quand on l\u2019exposait au Soleil, il d\u00e9tacha un morceau plus gros et le fit analyser par une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 mini\u00e8re. L\u2019origine extraterrestre fut \u00e9voqu\u00e9e et confirm\u00e9e en 1929 par la Smithsonian Institution<\/em><\/a>. La m\u00e9t\u00e9orite de Hoba est depuis sous surveillance pour \u00e9viter les pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements malveillants.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Soixante tonnes : c’est la masse de la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite de Hoba. Il s’agit du plus gros bloc extraterrestre connu sur Terre \u00e0 ce jour. Ciel de Namibie : La Namibie est un paradis pour les astronomes en raison de l\u2019absence de pollution lumineuse. On y trouve plusieurs fermes astronomiques \u00e9quip\u00e9es d\u2019instruments d\u2019observation comme celle de … Continuer la lecture de Zoom sur la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse de Hoba en Namibie<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":11627,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[1300,2061,2784],"class_list":["post-11626","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-hommes-et-le-ciel","tag-hess","tag-meteorite-de-hoba","tag-namibie"],"yoast_head":"\nZoom sur la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite ferreuse de Hoba en Namibie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Soixante tonnes : c'est la masse de la m\u00e9t\u00e9orite de Hoba. 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