{"id":10113,"date":"2019-01-10T14:03:29","date_gmt":"2019-01-10T14:03:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/?p=10113"},"modified":"2019-01-17T06:17:20","modified_gmt":"2019-01-17T06:17:20","slug":"lunion-astronomique-internationale-fete-ses-100-ans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/feldmann\/2019\/01\/10\/lunion-astronomique-internationale-fete-ses-100-ans\/","title":{"rendered":"L’Union astronomique internationale f\u00eate ses 100 ans"},"content":{"rendered":"

En 2019 de nombreuses manifestations marqueront le centenaire de\u00a0L’Union astronomique internationale. De bonnes raisons d’admirer le ciel.<\/strong><\/p>\n

2019 est une ann\u00e9e exceptionnelle pour l’espace et l’astronomie. Nous allons d’une part c\u00e9l\u00e9brer le cinquantenaire du premier Homme sur la Lune (On The Moon Again<\/em><\/a>) et f\u00eater d’autre part le centenaire de l’Union astronomique internationale (UAI). Cette v\u00e9n\u00e9rable institution a en effet vu le jour en 1919 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la t\u00e9nacit\u00e9 de l’astronome fran\u00e7ais\u00a0Benjamin Baillaud<\/a> qui en fut le premier directeur.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Le 24 ao\u00fbt 2006 l’UAI d\u00e9classait Pluton de son rang de plan\u00e8te. \u00a9 IAU<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

De l’UAI nous avons surtout le souvenir d’un congr\u00e8s rest\u00e9 c\u00e9l\u00e8bre (photo ci-dessus) : le 24 ao\u00fbt 2006 \u00e0 Prague<\/a>, les astronomes venus de 75 pays red\u00e9finissaient la notion de plan\u00e8te et d\u00e9classaient par cons\u00e9quent\u00a0Pluton<\/a>\u00a0r\u00e9trograd\u00e9e au rang de plan\u00e8te naine.<\/p>\n

L\u2019Union astronomique internationale (International Astronomical Union<\/em>, IAU<\/a>) est une association internationale charg\u00e9e depuis un si\u00e8cle de d\u00e9finir la nomenclature des corps c\u00e9lestes et leurs caract\u00e9ristiques. Cette instance vit le jour en 1919 en vue de coordonner le travail des astronomes engag\u00e9s dans de grands projets comme celui de la Carte du Ciel (une entreprise titanesque d\u00e9but\u00e9e en 1887 qui mobilisa une vingtaine d’observatoires dans le monde pendant plusieurs d\u00e9cennies en vue de photographier et cartographier le ciel jusqu’\u00e0 la magnitude<\/a> 12).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l’UAI en Italie (1922). \u00a9 IAU<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Apr\u00e8s 25 premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es pass\u00e9es \u00e0 tisser des liens entre astronomes \u00e0 travers le monde \u00e0 la sortie de la Premi\u00e8re guerre mondiale, l’UAI a v\u00e9ritablement pris son essor \u00e0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1950 avec l’acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration des d\u00e9couvertes astronomiques li\u00e9es aux d\u00e9veloppements technologiques et \u00e0 la conqu\u00eate de l’Espace.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l’UAI aux USA (1961). \u00a9 IAU<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Pour marquer ce centenaire l’Union astronomique internationale a pr\u00e9vu toute une s\u00e9rie de manifestations : 100 heures d’astronomie dans le monde (10-13 janvier), publication d’un ouvrage au mois d’avril (The International Astronomical Union : Uniting the Community for 100 Years<\/em>), s\u00e9minaires de r\u00e9flexion sur notre place dans l’Univers et sur le potentiel de l’astronomie en tant qu’outil de d\u00e9veloppement et d’\u00e9ducation, observations en direction de tous les publics (jeunes, handicap\u00e9s, pays sous-d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s…), comm\u00e9moration du centenaire de la premi\u00e8re confirmation de la th\u00e9orie de la relativit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale d’Einstein au cours d’une \u00e9clipse de Soleil<\/a>…<\/p>\n

Comme le rappelle l’astrophysicienne n\u00e9erlandaise Ewine van Dishoeck, \u00e9lue pr\u00e9sidente de l’UAI en 2015, “ce centi\u00e8me anniversaire offre une merveilleuse occasion de mettre en lumi\u00e8re tout ce que l’astronomie a pu nous apporter au cours du si\u00e8cle pass\u00e9 en mati\u00e8re de science, de technologie ou encore d’inspiration. Faisons en sorte qu’ensemble, nous donnions le ton pour les 100 prochaines ann\u00e9es!”<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En 2019 de nombreuses manifestations marqueront le centenaire de\u00a0L’Union astronomique internationale. De bonnes raisons d’admirer le ciel. 2019 est une ann\u00e9e exceptionnelle pour l’espace et l’astronomie. Nous allons d’une part c\u00e9l\u00e9brer le cinquantenaire du premier Homme sur la Lune (On The Moon Again) et f\u00eater d’autre part le centenaire de l’Union astronomique internationale (UAI). Cette … Continuer la lecture de L’Union astronomique internationale f\u00eate ses 100 ans<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":10114,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[1526,2625,481],"class_list":["post-10113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-hommes-et-le-ciel","tag-benjamin-baillaud","tag-ewine-van-dishoeck","tag-union-astronomique-internationale"],"yoast_head":"\nL'Union astronomique internationale f\u00eate ses 100 ans<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En 2019 de nombreuses manifestations marqueront le centenaire de\u00a0L'Union astronomique internationale. 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