http:\/\/www.dailymotion.com\/video\/x33f063_interview-a-la-decouverte-des-gigantesques-volcans-martiens_school<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Trois types de volcans morphologiquement diff\u00e9rents coexistent.
\n(1) Onze volcans, de type patera (\u00ab pat\u00e8re \u00bb signifie \u00ab coupe \u00e9vas\u00e9e \u00bb), caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par un rapport hauteur \/ diam\u00e8tre tr\u00e8s faible, tels Alba Patera de 6,6 km d\u2019altitude au-dessus du niveau de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence martien, soit une hauteur d\u2019environ 8 km, pour un diam\u00e8tre d\u2019environ 1 400 km et Ulysses Patera ;
\n(2) six de type tholus, (\u00ab \u00e9difice en coupole \u00bb) avec des pentes plus fortes (les types 1 et 2 sont anciens tous les deux) ;
\n(3) enfin cinq de type mons, volcans boucliers g\u00e9ants, plus jeunes. Quatre mons sont assez group\u00e9s : Olympus Mons, haut de 22,5 km, et trois sur le bombement de Tharsis Montes au niveau de l\u2019\u00e9quateur, Ascraeus, Pavonis, Arsia, de hauteurs respectives de 14,9, 8,4 et 11,7 km. Le dernier, Elysium Mons (12,6 km de hauteur, 375 km de diam\u00e8tre), est isol\u00e9 au milieu de plaines, \u00e0 30\u00b0 de latitude nord.
\nLe formidable \u00e9difice d\u2019Olympus Mons atteint 21,2 km d\u2019altitude soit une hauteur de 22,5 km : c\u2019est la plus haute montagne du syst\u00e8me solaire. Les datations par impacts de m\u00e9t\u00e9orites montrent qu’il a \u00e9t\u00e9 actif entre 3,7 milliards d\u2019ann\u00e9es et 400 \u00e0 100 Ma. D\u2019une dimension de 840 x 640 km, il pr\u00e9sente une forme polygonale plut\u00f4t que circulaire.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Extrait de mon livre “Volcanologie” (Ed. Dunod) Sur Mars, un volcanisme exub\u00e9rant, \u00e9teint actuellement, s’est manifest\u00e9. Vingt-deux volcans isol\u00e9s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rep\u00e9r\u00e9s dans la partie nord. Ils ressemblent un peu aux volcans boucliers d\u2019Hawaii ou de la R\u00e9union mais en beaucoup plus grand, avec des accumulations de coul\u00e9es (jusqu\u2019\u00e0 2 000 km de long) et … Continuer la lecture de \u00c0 la d\u00e9couverte des gigantesques volcans martiens<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[21,253,254,3],"class_list":["post-825","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-bardintzeff","tag-mars-planete","tag-olympus-mons","tag-volcan"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00c0 la d\u00e9couverte des gigantesques volcans martiens, par Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/2015\/10\/13\/a-la-decouverte-des-gigantesques-volcans-martiens\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c0 la d\u00e9couverte des gigantesques volcans martiens, par Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Extrait de mon livre “Volcanologie” (Ed. Dunod) Sur Mars, un volcanisme exub\u00e9rant, \u00e9teint actuellement, s’est manifest\u00e9. Vingt-deux volcans isol\u00e9s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rep\u00e9r\u00e9s dans la partie nord. Ils ressemblent un peu aux volcans boucliers d\u2019Hawaii ou de la R\u00e9union mais en beaucoup plus grand, avec des accumulations de coul\u00e9es (jusqu\u2019\u00e0 2 000 km de long) et … Continuer la lecture de \u00c0 la d\u00e9couverte des gigantesques volcans martiens →\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/2015\/10\/13\/a-la-decouverte-des-gigantesques-volcans-martiens\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"VOLCANMANIA : le blog de Jacques-Marie BARDINTZEFF, volcanologue\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-10-13T16:08:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-10-13T16:16:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"jmbardintzeff\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"jmbardintzeff\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/2015\/10\/13\/a-la-decouverte-des-gigantesques-volcans-martiens\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/2015\/10\/13\/a-la-decouverte-des-gigantesques-volcans-martiens\/\",\"name\":\"\u00c0 la d\u00e9couverte des gigantesques volcans martiens, par Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2015-10-13T16:08:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-10-13T16:16:04+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/#\/schema\/person\/974e1e0324e3e06f08253784e8eca61e\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/2015\/10\/13\/a-la-decouverte-des-gigantesques-volcans-martiens\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/\",\"name\":\"VOLCANMANIA : le blog de Jacques-Marie BARDINTZEFF, volcanologue\",\"description\":\"Les volcans ? 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