{"id":755,"date":"2015-08-17T14:32:34","date_gmt":"2015-08-17T14:32:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/?p=755"},"modified":"2015-08-17T14:45:09","modified_gmt":"2015-08-17T14:45:09","slug":"eruption-du-cotopaxi-en-equateur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/2015\/08\/17\/eruption-du-cotopaxi-en-equateur\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9ruption du Cotopaxi en \u00c9quateur"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le volcan Cotopaxi culmine \u00e0 5 897m en \u00c9quateur.
\nSa derni\u00e8re \u00e9ruption (modeste, indice d’explosivit\u00e9 volcanique = VEI = 2 sur une \u00e9chelle de 8) remonte \u00e0 1940 (1942?) et sa derni\u00e8re \u00e9ruption importante (VEI = 4) remonte \u00e0 1877.<\/p>\n

Quito, la capitale du pays (2 millions d’habitants) est situ\u00e9 \u00e0 une cinquantaine de km au Nord-Ouest du volcan et la ville de Latacunga (170 000 hts) est situ\u00e9e \u00e0 30 km au Sud-Ouest.<\/p>\n

Le volcan vient de se r\u00e9veiller le 14 ao\u00fbt. Son \u00e9ruption pourrait devenir tr\u00e8s dangereuse. C’est pourquoi le Gouvernement a sign\u00e9 un d\u00e9cret d\u00e9clarant l\u2019\u00e9tat d\u2019exception.<\/p>\n

3 types \u00e9ruptifs sont \u00e0 envisager :<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1. Des projections de cendres. Certaines sont mont\u00e9es verticalement, jusqu’\u00e0 5 voire 8 km de haut. Emport\u00e9es par les vents dominants, elles retombent sur des zones habit\u00e9es, causant des g\u00eanes respiratoires \u00e0 la population. 400 personnes ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9vacu\u00e9es (\u00e0 Mulalo, Lasso) en zone sud du volcan. Des masques \u00e0 poussi\u00e8res sont distribu\u00e9s. Pour l’instant, il s’agirait de cendres d’origine phr\u00e9atique (explosion caus\u00e9e par la vaporisation brusque de poches d’eau). L’a\u00e9roport de Latacunga a \u00e9t\u00e9 ferm\u00e9.<\/p>\n

2. Des \u00e9coulements pyroclastiques, nuages br\u00fblant dirig\u00e9s horizontalement, \u00e0 grande vitesse. Certains se seraient d\u00e9j\u00e0 produits (?) t\u00e9moignant de l’arriv\u00e9e du magma en surface (phase magmatique?).<\/p>\n

3. Des coul\u00e9es boueuses (ou lahars) redoutables pourraient se d\u00e9clencher par fonte de neiges et glaces sommitales. Elles pourraient parcourir 100 km, comme en 1877.<\/p>\n

\u00c9couter sur RMC l’interview par Saliou Diouf, lors de la Matinale de Jean-Jacques Bourdin (\u00e0 partir de 33 mn 05 s jusqu’\u00e0 34 mn 05 s) http:\/\/podcast.rmc.fr\/channel30\/20150817_bourdin_2.mp3<\/a><\/p>\n

voir le rapport de l\u2019IG-EPN (Instituto Geofisico)
\nhttp:\/\/www.igepn.edu.ec\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le volcan Cotopaxi culmine \u00e0 5 897m en \u00c9quateur. Sa derni\u00e8re \u00e9ruption (modeste, indice d’explosivit\u00e9 volcanique = VEI = 2 sur une \u00e9chelle de 8) remonte \u00e0 1940 (1942?) et sa derni\u00e8re \u00e9ruption importante (VEI = 4) remonte \u00e0 1877. Quito, la capitale du pays (2 millions d’habitants) est situ\u00e9 \u00e0 une cinquantaine de km … Continuer la lecture de \u00c9ruption du Cotopaxi en \u00c9quateur<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[220,219,138,145,221,3],"class_list":["post-755","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualites","tag-cendre","tag-cotopaxi","tag-equateur","tag-nuee-ardente","tag-rmc","tag-volcan"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00c9ruption du Cotopaxi en \u00c9quateur, par Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.futura-sciences.com\/bardintzeff\/2015\/08\/17\/eruption-du-cotopaxi-en-equateur\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c9ruption du Cotopaxi en \u00c9quateur, par Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le volcan Cotopaxi culmine \u00e0 5 897m en \u00c9quateur. 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